Consumer
Guides

Consumer Guides - Government Guides - Resources and Information  From Around The Nation

Government
Guides

Consumer Issues

Resources and Information
From Around The Nation

Consumer Info

Consumer Guide
Index

Consumer Guides
Home

Auctions

Auction Houses

Internet Auctions

Adoption

Adoption Professionals

Adoption Record Access

Single Parent Adoption

Auto

Automobiles

Auto Directory

Auto Finance

Auto Insurance

Auto Leasing

Auto Auctions

Hybrids (HEV)

Biology

Human Genome Project

Business

Franchises

Business Transportation
Directory

Presidential Address:
Women's Small Business 
Owners

Jobs & Growth Act 2003

Investment Capital

Loan Request Documentation

Merchant Account Comparison

Cell Phones

Cell Phone Info

Computer

Broadband

Data Centers

E-Commerce Tips

Computers & Energy Star

Computer Shopping Page

Wifi Wireless Fidelity

Free Wifi

Culture

Hispanic Heritage Month

Digital Photography

Digital Photography Directory

Disabilities

National Disability Employment 
Awareness Month

New Freedom Initiative

FAQ's Disabilities and Work

Workforce Investment Act

Disaster Help

Guide to help
Rebuild Your Home

DVD's

Guide to DVD's

Earthquakes

Preparation, Survival

Electronics

HDTV

Employment

Interviewing

Accountants & Analysts

Administrative Service Managers

Budget Analysts

Construction Managers

Cost Estimators

Employment Interviewers

Engineering, Science, Computer
Systems Managers

Financial Managers

Job Training Initiative

Purchasers / Buyers

Education

Graduate Degrees

Distance Learning

Types of Colleges

Energy

Biomass

Buying Clean Electricity

Energy Star

Geothermal

Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Hydropower

Solar

Wind Power

Zero Energy Buildings

Energy Star Technology

Energy Star Homes
FAQ's

Presidential Energy Address
April 2005

Computer Buyers Guide

Energy Star

Spectrally Selective
Low-E Glass

Fashion

Women's Clothing

Financial

Accept Credit Cards

Actividades Bancarias

Bankcruptcy

Capital Access
Grants, Loans

Check 21

Check 21 FAQ

Consumer Credit

Credit Cards

Currency & Coins

Currency: Buying, Selling
Redeeming

E-Commerce Associations
Directory

Electronic Banking

FDIC Insurance

Fair and Accurate Credit
Transaction Act of 2003

Forex Brokerages Directory:

Merchant Accounts

Merchant Account Links

Money & Credit Cards

Payment Processing

Stock Market Basics

Fishing

Fishing Guide

Government Grants

Government Grant Info

Homeland Security

Preparing America

Health

FDA News Digest 
Dec. 03
Contaminated food warnings;
New Drug Treatments ... more

Health Insurance
HIPPA
Government Health Guides

Bird Flu News

What is Influenza? (Flu)

Vioxx

FDA on Vioxx

FDA Vioxx - Press Release

FDA Q & A Vioxx

Identity Theft

Consumer Confidential: 
The Privacy Story

New Law Signed
By President Bush

Information

Information Bank

Consumer Ezine   

Insurance

Life Insurance

Long Term Care
 

Jets: Private

Business Aircraft

Cessna

Eclipse 500

Lear

Jewelry

Jewelry Guide

Precious Stones

Legal Guides

Legal Resources

Legal News

Machinery

Farm, Food Processing
Packaging

Medicare

Medicare Premiums 2004

The Medicare Prescription 
Drug Improvement and 
Modernization Act of 2003

New Medicare Law - FAQ's

Patents & Trademarks

Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights

Press Releases
For Immediate Release

Real Estate

100 Q & A's of
Home Buying

American Dream 
Downpayment Act 

Fair Housing Quiz
(HUD)

Financing Energy
Efficient Homes

Home Buying

Home Buying FAQ

Home Buying
Glossary

Home Buying Loans

Home Mortgage
Insurance

Manufactured Homes

Mortgage Refinance

Selling Your Home

Ten Tips For Home Buyers

Real Estate Directories

Sustainable Design:
Energy Efficient Homes

Soccer

Soccer.com
Free Soccer Posters
Shopping

Specialty Directories

Offshore Directories

Real Estate Directories

Featured Directories

Taxes

Tax Tips

Technology

Data Centers

Megosearch

Nanotechnology


Time

Correct Time

Toxicology

Asbestos Issues

Legislative 

Sen. Bill Frist 

Sen. Hatch

Sen. Murray

Analysis - 
Asbestos Information Act of 1988
H.R. 5442

Benzene

Travel

Tips For Women
Traveling Alone

Travel Tips For
Those Entering
U.S.A. 

Other Online Guides

Reference
Products  

Disclaimer

Contact

 

Earthquakes

 

 

What Should I Do? Skip content navigation

Before The Earthquake Strikes
Protect Your Property
During An Earthquake
After The Earthquake

NEHRP - National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program

BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKE STRIKES

Develop a Family Disaster Plan. Please see the "Family Disaster Plan" section for general family planning information. Develop earthquake-specific planning.

If you are at risk from earthquakes:

  • Pick "safe places" in each room of your home. A safe place could be under a sturdy table or desk or against an interior wall away from windows, bookcases, or tall furniture that could fall on you. The shorter the distance to move to safety, the less likely you will be injured. Injury statistics show that people moving as little as 10 feet during an earthquake's shaking are most likely to be injured. Also pick safe places, in your office, school and other buildings you are frequently in.

  • Practice drop, cover, and hold-on in each safe place. Drop under a sturdy desk or table and hold on to one leg of the table or desk. Protect your eyes by keeping your head down. Practice these actions so that they become an automatic response. When an earthquake or other disaster occurs, many people hesitate, trying to remember what they are supposed to do. Responding quickly and automatically may help protect you from injury.

  • Practice drop, cover, and hold-on at least twice a year. Frequent practice will help reinforce safe behavior.

  • Wait in your safe place until the shaking stops, then check to see if you are hurt. You will be better able to help others if you take care of yourself first, then check the people around you. Move carefully and watch out for things that have fallen or broken, creating hazards. Be ready for additional earthquakes called "aftershocks."

  • Be on the lookout for fires. Fire is the most common earthquake-related hazard, due to broken gas lines, damaged electrical lines or appliances, and previously contained fires or sparks being released.

  • If you must leave a building after the shaking stops, use the stairs, not the elevator. Earthquakes can cause fire alarms and fire sprinklers to go off. You will not be certain whether there is a real threat of fire. As a precaution, use the stairs.

  • If you're outside in an earthquake, stay outside. Move away from buildings, trees, streetlights, and power lines. Crouch down and cover your head. Many injuries occur within 10 feet of the entrance to buildings. Bricks, roofing, and other materials can fall from buildings, injuring persons nearby. Trees, streetlights, and power lines may also fall, causing damage or injury.

  • Inform guests, babysitters, and caregivers of your plan. Everyone in your home should know what to do if an earthquake occurs. Assure yourself that others will respond properly even if you are not at home during the earthquake.

  • Get training. Take a first aid class from your local Red Cross chapter. Get training on how to use a fire extinguisher from your local fire department. Keep your training current. Training will help you to keep calm and know what to do when an earthquake occurs.

  • Discuss earthquakes with your family. Everyone should know what to do in case all family members are not together. Discussing earthquakes ahead of time helps reduce fear and anxiety and lets everyone know how to respond.

  • Talk with your insurance agent. Different areas have different requirements for earthquake protection. Study locations of active faults, and if you are at risk, consider purchasing earthquake insurance.

Back to Top



Assemble a Disaster Supplies Kit

Please see the "Disaster Supplies Kit" section for general supplies kit information. Earthquake-specific supplies should include the following:

  • A flashlight and sturdy shoes by each person's bedside.
  • Disaster Supplies Kit basics
  • Evacuation Supply Kit.

 

Back to Top

PROTECT YOUR PROPERTY

  • Bolt bookcases, china cabinets, and other tall furniture to wall studs. Brace or anchor high or top-heavy objects. During an earthquake, these items can fall over, causing damage or injury. For more information, click here.

  • Secure items that might fall (televisions, books, computers, etc.). Falling items can cause damage or injury. For more information, click here.

  • Install strong latches or bolts on cabinets. The contents of cabinets can shift during the shaking of an earthquake. Latches will prevent cabinets from flying open and contents from falling out. For more information, click here.

  • Move large or heavy objects and fragile items (glass or china) to lower shelves. There will be less damage and less chance of injury if these items are on lower shelves.

  • Store breakable items such as bottled foods, glass, and china in low, closed cabinets with latches. Latches will help keep contents of cabinets inside. For more information, click here.

  • Store weed killers, pesticides, and flammable products securely in closed cabinets with latches, on bottom shelves. Chemical products will be less likely to create hazardous situations from lower, confined locations.

  • Hang heavy items, such as pictures and mirrors, away from beds, couches, and anywhere people sit. Earthquakes can knock things off walls, causing damage or injury. For more information, click here.

  • Brace overhead light fixtures. During earthquakes, overhead light fixtures are the most common items to fall, causing damage or injury.

  • Strap the water heater to wall studs. The water heater may be your best source of drinkable water following an earthquake. Protect it from damage and leaks.

  • Bolt down any gas appliances. After an earthquake, broken gas lines frequently create fire hazards. For more information, click here.

  • Install flexible pipe fittings to avoid gas or water leaks. Flexible fittings will be less likely to break. For more information, click here.

  • Repair any deep cracks in ceilings or foundations. Get expert advice if there are signs of structural defects. Earthquakes can turn cracks into ruptures and make smaller problems bigger.

  • Check to see if your house is bolted to its foundation. Homes bolted to their foundations are less likely to be severely damaged during earthquakes. Homes that are not bolted have been known to slide off their foundations, and many have been destroyed because they are uninhabitable. For more information, click here.

  • Consider having your building evaluated by a professional structural design engineer. Ask about home repair and strengthening tips for exterior features, such as porches, front and back decks, sliding glass doors, canopies, carports, and garage doors. Learn about additional ways you can protect your home. A professional can give you advice on how to reduce potential damage.

  • Follow local seismic building standards and safe land use codes that regulate land use along fault lines. Some municipalities, counties, and states have enacted codes and standards to protect property and occupants. Learn about your area's codes before construction.

Back to Top

Media and Community Education Ideas
  • Ask your community to develop stronger building codes. Building codes are the public's first line of defense against earthquakes. The codes specify the levels of earthquake forces that structures must be designed to withstand. As ground lessons have been learned about how buildings are damaged in earthquakes, the minimum earthquake requirements specified in building codes have been improved.

  • Publish a special section in your local newspaper with emergency information on earthquakes. Localize the information by printing the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the American Red Cross, and hospitals.

  • Conduct a week-long newspaper series on locating hazards in the home and how to fix them.

  • Work with local emergency services and American Red Cross officials to prepare appropriate information for people with mobility impairments about what to do during an earthquake.

  • Provide tips on conducting earthquake drills in the home.

  • Interview representatives of the gas, electric, and water companies about shutting off utilities.

Back to Top

DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

  • Drop, cover, and hold on! Move only a few steps to a nearby safe place. It is very dangerous to try to leave a building during an earthquake because objects can fall on you. Many fatalities occur when people run outside of buildings, only to be killed by falling debris from collapsing walls. In U.S. buildings, you are safer to stay where you are.

  • If you are in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow. You are less likely to be injured staying where you are. Broken glass on the floor has caused injury to those who have rolled to the floor or tried to get to doorways.

  • If you are outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees, streetlights, and power lines. Drop to the ground and stay there until the shaking stops. Injuries can occur from falling trees, street-lights and power lines, or building debris.

  • If you are in a vehicle, pull over to a clear location, stop and stay there with your seatbelt fastened until the shaking has stopped. Trees, power lines, poles, street signs, and other overhead items may fall during earthquakes. Stopping will help reduce your risk, and a hard-topped vehicle will help protect you from flying or falling objects. Once the shaking has stopped, proceed with caution. Avoid bridges or ramps that might have been damaged by the quake.

  • Stay indoors until the shaking stops and you're sure it's safe to exit. More injuries happen when people move during the shaking of an earthquake. After the shaking has stopped, if you go outside, move quickly away from the building to prevent injury from falling debris.

  • Stay away from windows. Windows can shatter with such force that you can be injured several feet away.

  • In a high-rise building, expect the fire alarms and sprinklers to go off during a quake. Earthquakes frequently cause fire alarm and fire sprinkler systems to go off even if there is no fire. Check for and extinguish small fires, and, if exiting, use the stairs.

  • If you are in a coastal area, move to higher ground. Tsunamis are often created by earthquakes. (See the "Tsunami" section for more information).

  • If you are in a mountainous area or near unstable slopes or cliffs, be alert for falling rocks and other debris that could be loosened by the earthquake. Landslides commonly happen after earthquakes. (See the "Landslide" section for more information.)

Back to Top

AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE

  • Check yourself for injuries. Often people tend to others without checking their own injuries. You will be better able to care for others if you are not injured or if you have received first aid for your injuries.

  • Protect yourself from further danger by putting on long pants, a long-sleeved shirt, sturdy shoes, and work gloves. This will protect your from further injury by broken objects.

  • After you have taken care of yourself, help injured or trapped persons. If you have it in your area, call 9-1-1, then give first aid when appropriate. Don't try to move seriously injured people unless they are in immediate danger of further injury.

  • Look for and extinguish small fires. Eliminate fire hazards. Putting out small fires quickly, using available resources, will prevent them from spreading. Fire is the most common hazard following earthquakes. Fires followed the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 for three days, creating more damage than the earthquake.

  • Leave the gas on at the main valve, unless you smell gas or think it's leaking. It may be weeks or months before professionals can turn gas back on using the correct procedures. Explosions have caused injury and death when homeowners have improperly turned their gas back on by themselves.

  • Clean up spilled medicines, bleaches, gasoline, or other flammable liquids immediately and carefully. Avoid the hazard of a chemical emergency.

  • Open closet and cabinet doors cautiously. Contents may have shifted during the shaking of an earthquake and could fall, creating further damage or injury.

  • Inspect your home for damage. Get everyone out if your home is unsafe. Aftershocks following earthquakes can cause further damage to unstable buildings. If your home has experienced damage, get out before aftershocks happen.

  • Help neighbors who may require special assistance. Elderly people and people with disabilities may require additional assistance. People who care for them or who have large families may need additional assistance in emergency situations.

  • Listen to a portable, battery-operated radio (or television) for updated emergency information and instructions. If the electricity is out, this may be your main source of information. Local radio and local officials provide the most appropriate advice for your particular situation.

  • Expect aftershocks. Each time you feel one, drop, cover, and hold on! Aftershocks frequently occur minutes, days, weeks, and even months following an earthquake.

  • Watch out for fallen power lines or broken gas lines, and stay out of damaged areas. Hazards caused by earthquakes are often difficult to see, and you could be easily injured.

  • Stay out of damaged buildings. If you are away from home, return only when authorities say it is safe. Damaged buildings may be destroyed by aftershocks following the main quake.

  • Use battery-powered lanterns or flashlights to inspect your home. Kerosene lanterns, torches, candles, and matches may tip over or ignite flammables inside.

  • Inspect the entire length of chimneys carefully for damage. Unnoticed damage could lead to fire or injury from falling debris during an aftershock. Cracks in chimneys can be the cause of a fire years later.

  • Take pictures of the damage, both to the house and its contents, for insurance claims.

  • Avoid smoking inside buildings. Smoking in confined areas can cause fires.

  • When entering buildings, use extreme caution. Building damage may have occurred where you least expect it. Carefully watch every step you take.

    • Examine walls, floor, doors, staircases, and windows to make sure that the building is not in danger of collapsing.

    • Check for gas leaks. If you smell gas or hear a blowing or hissing noise, open a window and quickly leave the building. Turn off the gas, using the outside main valve if you can, and call the gas company from a neighbor's home. If you turn off the gas for any reason, it must be turned back on by a professional.

    • Look for electrical system damage. If you see sparks or broken or frayed wires, or if you smell burning insulation, turn off the electricity at the main fuse box or circuit breaker. If you have to step in water to get to the fuse box or circuit breaker, call an electrician first for advice.

    • Check for sewage and water line damage. If you suspect sewage lines are damaged, avoid using the toilets and call a plumber. If water pipes are damaged, contact the water company and avoid using water from the tap. You can obtain safe water from undamaged water heaters or by melting ice cubes.

    • Watch for loose plaster, drywall, and ceilings that could fall.

  • Use the telephone only to report life-threatening emergencies. Telephone lines are frequently overwhelmed in disaster situations. They need to be clear for emergency calls to get through.

  • Watch animals closely. Leash dogs and place them in a fenced yard. The behavior of pets may change dramatically after an earthquake. Normally quiet and friendly cats and dogs may become aggressive or defensive.

_________________________________

Table of Contents    

Earthquake Introduction

Preparation

Earthquake Supply Kit

Source: Federal Emergency Management Administration

 

 

 

Google

 

Web www.consumer-guides.info

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

© 2003 Consumer Guides at consumer-guides.info (Student Loans)